信息詳情
熱處理工裝的種類及其功用
為了更好(hao)地(di)達到熱(re)處(chu)理工(gong)藝以及(ji)生產(chan)制(zhi)造執行的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)須,確(que)保(bao)熱(re)處(chu)理品質和安全(quan)生產(chan)等,所應(ying)用的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)切專用工(gong)具、模貝、測量儀器(qi)(qi)、工(gong)裝(zhuang)夾具、吊裝(zhuang)工(gong)具和工(gong)裝(zhuang)夾具及(ji)其為擴(kuo)張熱(re)處(chu)理機器(qi)(qi)設(she)備(bei)運用范(fan)疇而(er)自做的(de)(de)(de)配件(jian)(如(ru)堵孔用的(de)(de)(de)地(di)腳螺栓、維(wei)護零件(jian)外螺紋(wen)常用的(de)(de)(de)螺帽(mao)、高頻(pin)率電(dian)磁感應(ying)加熱(re)用的(de)(de)(de)銅鍵及(ji)其各種各樣試件(jian))等通稱為熱(re)處(chu)理工(gong)藝武器(qi)(qi)裝(zhuang)備(bei)(通稱為熱(re)處(chu)理工(gong)裝(zhuang))。
完善的熱處理工裝(zhuang),有(you)益于確保(bao)(bao)熱處理品質,提升熱處理生產(chan)效(xiao)率,減少熱處理形變(bian),緩(huan)解(jie)作(zuo)業者勞動(dong)效(xiao)率,確保(bao)(bao)安(an)全生產(chan)制造(zao),維(wei)護保(bao)(bao)養零(ling)件的一致性和提升經濟收(shou)益等。
在設計方案熱處理工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)時,凡加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)在生產(chan)制造(zao)執(zhi)行全過(guo)程中需應用(yong)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝,均由(you)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)設計師提(ti)交申請(qing),按(an)公司要求(qiu)的審批程序交給相(xiang)關(guan)部門或本單位別(bie)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人員設計方案和生產(chan)制造(zao),并在加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)執(zhi)行前(qian)提(ti)條件提(ti)供應用(yong)單位。
熱處理工(gong)裝一般分成三(san)類(lei):
1、通用(yong)性工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang):即執行各種各樣(或一些(xie))熱(re)處(chu)理工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)所一同應用(yong)的工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang),如鉤鉗、籃球框、料盤和通用(yong)性吊(diao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)具、掛具等。
2、專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)用型工(gong)裝:即專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業為(wei)某一零件(jian)或某一加工(gong)工(gong)藝所設(she)計方案、生(sheng)產(chan)制造(zao)的(de)工(gong)裝,如高頻率電磁(ci)感(gan)應(ying)加熱用的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)用型傳感(gan)器、淬火定型專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)用夾具、某類零件(jian)的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)用型熱處理壓膜等。
3、規(gui)(gui)范(fan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang):已經(jing)由公司、領域、單位、規(gui)(gui)范(fan)化(hua)了的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)。規(gui)(gui)范(fan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)有些是專用(yong)型工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang),也有些是通用(yong)性(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang),已經(jing)被商業化(hua)在銷售市(shi)場上(shang)可購到的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang),比如,運用(yong)標件組成的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(規(gui)(gui)范(fan)起重(zhong)吊鉤(gou))等(deng)。
熱處理工(gong)裝(zhuang),也是有別的(de)分類(lei)方法,如按加工(gong)工(gong)藝、主要用途、特點等(deng)開展歸類(lei)的(de),可依(yi)據每一個公(gong)司的(de)詳細情況而(er)定。
熱處(chu)理工藝(yi)早期的(de)歷史資料記(ji)述(shu)常見于(yu)《漢書(shu)。王褒傳》中,我(wo)國(guo)(guo)明朝生物(wu)學家宋應星在(zai)(zai)《天工開(kai)(kai)物(wu)》一(yi)書(shu)里(li)對熱處(chu)理工藝(yi)現(xian)有記(ji)述(shu)。許多(duo)事實上(shang),在(zai)(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)曾是(shi)進行(xing)(xing)和(he)應用熱處(chu)理專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)(ji)能早期的(de)地(di)區之(zhi)一(yi)。但是(shi)長期的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)制制度(du),阻攔(lan)了(le)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)科學研究專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)(ji)能的(de)前行(xing)(xing),在(zai)(zai)異端(duan)適度(du)長的(de)時間內(nei),在(zai)(zai)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)熱處(chu)理專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)(ji)能的(de)進行(xing)(xing)處(chu)在(zai)(zai)中斷情況,有的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)(ji)能甚(shen)至消亡(wang)。直到解放以后熱處(chu)理專(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)業技(ji)(ji)能在(zai)(zai)中國(guo)(guo)才從頭開(kai)(kai)始靈巧進行(xing)(xing)起來,展現(xian)了(le)很多(duo)新技(ji)(ji)術新工藝(yi),新機器設(she)備。
熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)工(gong)裝(zhuang)在(zai)熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)中具備關鍵功效,與熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)品質(zhi)也是(shi)(shi)(shi)有緊密聯系,而熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)工(gong)裝(zhuang)大多(duo)數(shu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)由成(cheng)本較高的耐(nai)熱(re)(re)鋼(gang)制做而成(cheng)的,因此(ci)只需拓寬應用壽數(shu)才(cai)能在(zai)必然水平上(shang)減少成(cheng)本。與這(zhe)些方面息(xi)息(xi)相關的應該是(shi)(shi)(shi)熱(re)(re)力循環(huan),因為有關耐(nai)熱(re)(re)鋼(gang)而言,更理(li)想的情況是(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)必然的溫度下連續工(gong)作,因此(ci)好的熱(re)(re)力循環(huan)才(cai)能確(que)(que)保耐(nai)熱(re)(re)鋼(gang)的壽數(shu),隨后確(que)(que)保熱(re)(re)處(chu)理(li)工(gong)裝(zhuang)的應用壽數(shu)。